Starter for Forklifts

Forklift Starters - Today's starter motor is normally a permanent-magnet composition or a series-parallel wound direct current electrical motor together with a starter solenoid installed on it. As soon as current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, basically through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion which is located on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion using the starter ring gear which is found on the engine flywheel.

Once the starter motor begins to turn, the solenoid closes the high-current contacts. Once the engine has started, the solenoid has a key operated switch which opens the spring assembly in order to pull the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This particular action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by an overrunning clutch. This permits the pinion to transmit drive in just one direction. Drive is transmitted in this particular manner via the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion remains engaged, for example because the operator did not release the key as soon as the engine starts or if the solenoid remains engaged in view of the fact that there is a short. This causes the pinion to spin separately of its driveshaft.

This above mentioned action prevents the engine from driving the starter. This is actually an essential step in view of the fact that this kind of back drive would allow the starter to spin very fast that it could fly apart. Unless modifications were made, the sprag clutch arrangement would prevent making use of the starter as a generator if it was utilized in the hybrid scheme discussed earlier. Usually an average starter motor is designed for intermittent utilization that would prevent it being used as a generator.

Hence, the electrical components are intended to function for around less than thirty seconds to be able to prevent overheating. The overheating results from too slow dissipation of heat because of ohmic losses. The electrical components are designed to save weight and cost. This is the reason the majority of owner's manuals used for vehicles suggest the operator to pause for at least ten seconds after every ten or fifteen seconds of cranking the engine, if trying to start an engine that does not turn over immediately.

The overrunning-clutch pinion was introduced onto the marked in the early 1960's. Prior to the 1960's, a Bendix drive was utilized. This drive system works on a helically cut driveshaft which consists of a starter drive pinion placed on it. When the starter motor begins spinning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly allows it to ride forward on the helix, hence engaging with the ring gear. As soon as the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear allows the pinion to exceed the rotating speed of the starter. At this moment, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and therefore out of mesh with the ring gear.

The development of Bendix drive was made during the 1930's with the overrunning-clutch design known as the Bendix Folo-Thru drive, made and launched in the 1960s. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights inside the body of the drive unit. This was a lot better as the typical Bendix drive utilized in order to disengage from the ring once the engine fired, even though it did not stay running.

The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft once the starter motor is engaged and starts turning. After that the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. Once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is achieved by the starter motor itself, like for example it is backdriven by the running engine, and next the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, therefore unwanted starter disengagement could be avoided prior to a successful engine start.

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